Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Nephropharmacology 2345-4202 12 2 2023 06 05 Cancer recurrence or aggravation following COVID-19 vaccination e10593 e10593 10.34172/npj.2023.10593 EN Parisa Soleimani https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3891-1064 Sepideh Yadollahifarsani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6671-4263 Mahsa Motieian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0181-2540 Mahshid Sadat Chenarani Moghadam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-1240 Shahrzad Alimohammadi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4867-9337 Azadeh Khayyat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1867-1609 Mohammad Ali Esmaeil Pour https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-3928 Sina Neshat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-1865 Narges Alsadat Marashi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4991-4868 Leila Mahmoodnia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-4683 Rohollah Masomi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-6214 Journal Article 10.34172/npj.2023.10593 2022 12 14 2023 02 25 COVID-19 infection has been a global health issue in the past recent years and numerous topics are studied in order to discover its pathophysiology and potential side effects. The potential for disease recurrence following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine is one of the issues that has recently attracted attention. Several studies have revealed that the COVID-19 vaccines, like other vaccines, may have side effects and, in some cases, they may even deteriorate the underlying illnesses, such as rheumatic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. The effectiveness and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine for patients with malignancies are one of the factors that are considered regarding this vaccine. Lymph node involvement, disease recurrence, and potential paraclinical changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine are some of the concerns of patients with malignancy. In this mini-review, we attempted to investigate cases of cancer recurrence or recovery as well as lymphadenopathy following vaccination.