Chronic kidney disease and obesity; a mini-review to the current knowledge

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health issue that may progress into end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and therefore lead to increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. Early detection of risk factors for CKD helps to improve them and prevent progression of this disease. Obesity is one of the most important yet preventable risk factors for CKD. Obesity is known as a cause of increased development of certain chronic diseases and may cause renal damage directly through hemodynamic and hormonal factors or indirectly via progression of diabetes and hypertension. With increased urban population and income, the diets containing high amounts of sugar, fats, and animal products have replaced traditional diets that contain highly fibrous complex carbohydrates. Currently, high-calorie foods and sedentary lifestyle are associated with obesity among children and adolescents. In 2017, the World’s Kidney Day concentrated on obesity as a potent risk factor for development of kidney diseases.

Keywords: High blood pressure, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Chronic kidney disease