Anna Ghorbani Doshantapeh
1 
, Mohammad Hamidi Madani
2 , Ali Khodaparast
3 , Rasoul Jafari Arismani
4 , Ardeshir Matoofi
5 , Delnia Heidari
6 , Golmis Abdolmohammadi
7 , Farshad Gharebakhshi
8,9 , Jahanbakhsh Vahdatnejad
10* 1 Department of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Nephrology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Urologic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
5 Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6 Department of Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
7 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Army University of Medical Sciences (AJA University of Medical Sciences), Tehran, Iran
8 Department of Radiology, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
9 Guissu Research Corporation, Bandar Abbas, Iran
10 Clinical Research Development Unit, Imamsajad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Bladder neoplasm ranks as the second most prevalent reproductive system malignancy worldwide. On the other hand, the vitamin D as an anti-cancer agent has been a subject of long-standing speculation. Hence, the objective of this study is to explore the correlation between vitamin D and bladder neoplasm risk.
Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed following the PRISMA checklist. Eligible studies were identified through searches on ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane, with no time restrictions until November 18, 2023. Data analysis was conducted utilizing the STATA 14 software.
Results: Serum vitamin D levels less than 50 nmol/L increased the risk of bladder neoplasm (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.64), muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.80, 4.14) and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) (OR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.39, 2.52)). However, the risk of bladder neoplasm in people whose serum vitamin D level was less than 50 nmol/L did not increase with age. Vitamin D serum levels greater than or equal to 50 nmol/L in people aged 40 to 49 (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.99) prevented bladder neoplasm, but no significant association was seen in people over 50 years old. In addition, there was no significant association between daily vitamin D intake and the risk of bladder neoplasm (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.63, 2.06).
Conclusion: The serum vitamin D less than 50 nmol/L was correlated with bladder cancer risk increasing, including MIBC and NMIBC.
Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023487519) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1754) Websites.
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:
Individuals with a serum level of vitamin D less than 50 nmol/L were found to have a 33% increased risk of bladder tumor and an 87% increased risk of non-muscle invasive bladder neoplasm. Additionally, the risk of muscle-invasive bladder cancer was approximately 1.7 times higher in individuals who had vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L compared to those in the compare group.
Please cite this paper as: Ghorbani Doshantapeh A, Hamidi Madani M, Khodaparast A, Jafari Arismani R, Matoofi A, Heidari D, Abdolmohammadi G, Gharebakhshi F, Vahdatnejad J. Association between vitamin D and bladder neoplasm; a systematic review and meta-analysis . J Nephropharmacol. 2024;13(2):e11668. DOI: 10.34172/npj.2024.11668.