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Submitted: 23 Mar 2025
Revision: 19 May 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2025
ePublished: 30 Jun 2025
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J Nephropharmacol. 2025;14(2): e12771.
doi: 10.34172/npj.2025.12771
  Abstract View: 3
  PDF Download: 2

Meta Analysis

The association between triglyceride-glucose index and contrast-induced nephropathy; a systematic review and meta-analysis

Maede Safari 1 ORCID logo, Akram Kadhim Kareem 2 ORCID logo, Khorsid Rigi 3,4 ORCID logo, Akbar Abbasi 5 ORCID logo, Bahman Mokhtarinia 6 ORCID logo, Paniz Pourpashang 7,8 ORCID logo, Elham Ahmadipour 9 ORCID logo, Batool Heydarisadegh 10 ORCID logo, Halime Aali 11* ORCID logo

1 Urology Department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
2 College of Nursing, Al-Qadisiyah University, Iraq
3 Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
4 Midwifery Department, Chabahar University of Medical Science, Chabahar, Iran
5 Department of Nursing, Naghadeh School of Nursing, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
6 School of Paramedical, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
7 Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8 Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Bahrami Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
9 Independent Researcher, Pezeshkan st, Alvand Building, 3th floor, Shiraz, Iran
10 Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
11 Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Halime Aali, Email: Aalihalime@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) is an indicator of insulin resistance, which can cause chronic dysfunction in renal performance. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine the association between high TyG index levels and the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) using systematic review and meta-analysis methods.

Materials and Methods: Searches were conducted across several databases, including Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Data was analyzed using STATA 14 software, and tests with P<0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: High TyG index levels in total population (odds ratio [OR]: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.85, 2.71), in China (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.66), Turkey (OR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.66, 4.6), cohort studies (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.64, 2.78), case-control studies (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.92, 3.51), and cross-sectional studies (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.21, 3.89) increased the risk of CIN. On the other hand, the relationship between high TyG index levels among women (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.77) and CIN was insignificant. Furthermore, the association between high age (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1, 1.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.14), and eGFR (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99) and the risk of CIN was statistically significant, but there was no significant relationship between blood hypertension (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.95, 2.24), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.02), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR: 1, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.03), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.58, 3.18), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.16), and hemoglobin (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.01) and the risk of CIN.

Conclusion: High TyG index levels, high age, and LDL cholesterol levels increased the risk of CIN, indicating that the TyG index can be a strong predictor for the occurrence of CIN.

Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD420250651085 )and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1951) websites.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

High triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) index levels, high age, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels increase the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Accordingly, examination of the TyG index in those with high levels of TyG can help identify individuals exposed to CIN occurrence, and through preventive measures, the risk of CIN occurrence and consequences, in addition to the healthcare costs can be reduced.

Please cite this paper as: Safari M, Kadhim Kareem A, Rigi Kh, Abbasi A, Mokhtarinia B, Pourpashang P, Ahmadipour E, Heydarisadegh B, Aali H. The association between triglyceride-glucose index and contrast-induced nephropathy; a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nephropharmacol. 2025;14(2):e12771. DOI: 10.34172/npj.2025.12771.

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